TOP 20 FINAL YEAR STUDENT (FYP) S'2 2012

Assalammualaikum..

Alhamdulillah.. after we have done our Industrial Day, which happened yesterday, my partner and I suprisingly received a message from final year project committee members. For sure, both of us feeling very happy and also we were so speechless after received the message because we didn't even thought that we can be one of the selected students for the Top 20 Diploma FYP student for Industry Day. 

Yes, we have been through on a very tough and hard time to achieve for that award. We felt very grateful and many thanks to our supervisor, Sir Mohd Zubir Bin Suboh for helping and give us advice since the first day we knew him as our supervisor until now. Not to forget the assessor, parents, family, friends and all those who helped us to complete this project. Thank you Allah for giving us the chance for being the succesful one which have made our supervisor and family proud of us. Alhamdulillah.. 

INDUSTRY DAY S'2 2012

Assalammualaikum..

Started at 8 a.m, 8th November 2012, we went to level 1 to check for our both. Our place for the presentation at level 4 is table number 12 and 13. After set up all the things and decorate our both/table, we are waiting for the assessor to come to our place. 

These are the assessor for our presentation : 

NZMN: MADAM NASZARIAH and SDY : SIR SHAHARUDDIN

Alhamdulillah, all the programmed run smothly as what we've planned. they gave us positive feedback and at the same time, they gave us some advice based on the project that we did. Meanwhile, they're also told us about how to survive in medical electronic section in hospital. 

By the way, thanks to our assessor, because of them, we manage to answer all the questions and get the best result for our final year project. :)

LAST BUT NOT LEAST

Assalammualaikum..

The final step before Industry Day, we keep seeing our supervisor and technician to help improving our knowledge based on our project. At the same time, we are also ask and meet some friends to help improve our English and basic knowledge on circuit.

Below are the image of our project, before and after we design it with our casing made by myself. We choose fabrics for our casing because it is suitable and can make baby and eldest to feel comfort when they wear it.

Figure 1.0 These are the material to create casing for our project.

 Below are the project output that we have done.

Figure 1.1 Our project before we put it into the casing.

Figure 1.2 After we put it into the casing.

We placed the output, which is LED and buzzer out from the casing. When the parents, guardian or nurses wants to use it, the switch will turn ON and the sensor will placed inside the pampers but below fabric that will be given. 

Figure 1.3 A doll as a baby used to test Wet Diaper Detector. 

DESIGN FOR POSTER

Assalammualaikum..

Figure 1.0 Design for our poster

We designed our poster based on the list given. 

1. Abstract

2. Objective

3. Methodology

4. Result

5. Conclusion

6. Application

7. References

Before we did this design, we discuss with our supervisor. All the points needed is about our project and idea. We design the poster by using Microsoft Power Point 2007. But there are some group used to design their poster by using Microsoft Publisher. It is easy to create the poster because we manage to create it less than one day but took a few hour to finish it. 

The next day, we show the design to our supervisor. Some touch up required to finish up our poster. Thanks to our supervisor for his advice about our poster. :) 

TESTING THE CIRCUIT

Assalammualaikum.. 

We are going to test our circuit either it is function or not. If the circuit function, so we will go to the next step which is design the casing for our project. 

Figure 1.0 Trainer Kit ETH 7000 and its part.

Before we use battery 9V as a power supply, we test the circuit by using trainer kit at level 2, medical laboratory. Sir Shahrul helps us to repair our circuit by measuring the voltage output after we test the circuit for the third times. This is because, our circuit connection have some problem regarding that part. Actually, we have did the circuit before with our supervisor. Maybe because of our mistake, the circuit does not function very well after we design it at PCB board. Sir Shahrul also tell that our switch and LED need to change it with a new one. We are also reprimanded for our sensor. He told us that sensor is very sensitive and always wipe the sensor after use it.  

Alhamdulillah, after we test for the fifth times, the circuit function as we test it with our supervisor. Thanks to Sir Shahrul because of him, our circuit had been done successfully.

Figure 1.1 The circuit that had been test successfully.

PCB DESIGN, ETCHING AND DRILL

Assalammualaikum..

The next step for our project, we construct our circuit PCB design by using Diptrace software. After that, we done our etching and drill the PCB board at level 1, UniKL BMI.


PCB Design

Figure 1.0 Circuit diagram

We are using Diptrace software to make the circuit compact. After we done the simulation, the next step is as follow.

Etching

Figure 1.1 PCB board 

The etching process involves sheets of metal, usually made of copper or zinc, and acid used to etch the print onto the metal.  The more complicated the etching, the more time consuming and expensive it will be. We are using the following board to etching the circuit. Below are the steps that we done before we go to the next steps.

Drill

Figure 1.2 Drill box and tools

A drill is a tool fitted with a cutting tool attachment or driving tool attachment, usually a drill bit or driver bit, used for drilling holes in various materials or fastening various materials together with the use of fasteners. The attachment is gripped by a chuck at one end of the drill and rotated while pressed against the target material. The tip, and sometimes edges, of the cutting tool does the work of cutting into the target material. This may be slicing off thin shavings (twist drills or auger bits), grinding off small particles (oil drilling), crushing and removing pieces of the workpiece (SDS masonry drill),countersinking, counterboring, or other operations.

CIRCUIT FOR WET DIAPER DETECTOR

Assalammualaikum..

Figure 1.0 Circuit Diagram

Figure 1.0 Schematic diagram

As shown above in figure 1.0, we are using battery 9V as a power supply for this circuit. The operation is when we put the sensor on the diaper, we manually switch it ON until the sensor sense the presence of the wetness. 

The basic operation for this circuit is when the sensor sense the presence of wetness, it will give the signal through the I.C NE555. From pin number 3, it will produce the output via LED and buzzer. The LED will lights up and the buzzer will trigger. 

The component listed below :

1. R1 - 10k

2. R2 - 1k

3. R3 - 100k

4. C1 - 1uF

5. Battery 9V 

6. IC NE555

7. Buzzer

8. BC109C

9. LED

10. Switch

11. Sensor

     

BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

Assalammualaikum..

The block diagram for our project is as simple as this. 

Description of the block diagram:

The sensor will detect the input which is moisture and wetness. 

After that, it will sent the signal to the I.C NE 555. The output is at pin number 3. 

At this part, the output will divide into two part. The first part is buzzer and the second part is L.E.D. When the buzzer trigger, the LED will lights up at the same time. 

This is the result for our project. From here, the parents guardian will alert to the presence of the wetness. 

I.C NE555

Assalammualaikum..

An I.C NE555 is a component for our project which is Wet Diaper Detector (W.D.D). The purpose of using this component is to make a time delay or oscillation when the sensor detect the wetness on the diaper. Actually, the NE555 is a monolithic timing circuit that is highly stable controller able to producing accurate time delays.  

Figure 1.0 Image of NE555 

In time delay (operation mode), highlights in here, the time is controlled by one external capacitor and resistor. The circuit may be triggered and reset on falling waveform. the output structure can source and sink up to 200mA.

The NE555 is available in lastic and ceramic package with 8 pin connection. The image of NE555 is as below:

Figure 1.1 Pin connection from top view 

Figure 1.2 Block Diagram NE555

By referring to the figure 1.1 and 1.2 pin connection from top view and block diagram NE555:

1. Pin number one is the ground of the I.C. 

It connects to the 0V power supply.

2. Pin number two is the trigger in the circuit. 

Pin 2 has control over pin 6. 

If pin 2 is LOW and pin 6 LOW, output goes and stays HIGH. 

If pin 6 HIGH and pin 2 goes LOW, output goes LOW while pin 2 LOW. 

This pin has a very high impedance (about 10M) and trigger about 1uA.

3. Pin number three is the output. 

Pin 3 and pin 7 are 'in phase'. 

Goes HIGH (about 2V less than rail) and LOW (about 0.5V less than 0V) and will deliver up to 200mA.

4. Pin number four connected to pin number 8. 

Connected HIGH via 100k. It must be taken below 0.8V to reset the chirp.

5. Pin number five is the pin that is not connected to any pin or circuit.

A voltage applied to this pin will vary the timing of the RC network.

(quite considerably)

6. Pin number six is the threshold.

This pin has a very high impedance (about 10M) and will trigger with about 0.2uA.

7. Pin number seven is the discharge.

Goes LOW when pin 6 detects 2/3 voltage but pin 2 must be HIGH. 

If pin 2 is HIGH, pin 6 can be HIGH or LOW and pin 7 remains LOW. 

Goes OPEN (HIGH) and stays HIGH when pin 2 detects 1/3 rail voltage (even as a LOW pulse) when pin 6 is LOW. 

Pin 3 and 7 are 'in phase'. 

Pin 7 is equal to pin 3, but pin 7 not go high - it goes OPEN. 

But it goes LOW and will sink about 200mA.  

8. Pin number eight is the voltage supply.

It connects to the positive power supply (Vs). 

This can be any voltage between 4.5V to 15 DC, but commonly it is 5V DC when working with digital ICs.

Each of the pins is connected to the circuit which consists of over 20 transistors, 2 diodes and 15 resistors. 

LIST OF COMPONENT THAT USED

Assalammualaikum..

There are several component that is used for this circuit. The component that we used is :

Transistor BC109C

Resistor 100KΩ, 10KΩ and 1KΩ

Capacitor 1uF

L.E.D

Sensor

Buzzer

Battery

I.C NE555

At the same time, these are the tools that also needed in order to complete the circuit.

Drill 

Multimeter, sucker, breadboard, solder ion.

Long nose

Cutter

All of the component are needed to produce Wet Diaper Detector.